Boosting Profitability Through Green Finance, CSR, and Capital Structure: The Moderating of The Board of Directors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61194/ijjm.v6i2.1537Keywords:
Green Finance, CSR, Capital Structure, Profitability, Board of DirectorAbstract
This study aims to examine the effects of implementing green finance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and capital structure on profitability, with the board of directors as a moderating variable. The research focuses on energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019 to 2023.
The combination of green finance with corporate social responsibility (CSR) in this study is uncommon in previous studies. In this case, green finance is more concerned with the environment, whereas corporate social responsibility (CSR) is more focused on social issues.
Conducted as a quantitative study, the sample selection employed purposive sampling. Secondary data was collected from annual reports and sustainability reports, accessed via www.idx.co.id and the respective companies' official websites
The study’s findings reveal that green finance does not significantly impact profitability, while CSR has a positive and significant effect on profitability. Capital structure, on the other hand, has a significant negative impact on profitability. As a moderating variable, the board of directors does not moderate the relationship between green finance and profitability. However, it weakens the positive impact of CSR on profitability and strengthens the negative impact of capital structure on profitability.
The implications of this study provide empirical insights into the influence of green finance, CSR, and capital structure on profitability levels. Additionally, the interaction effect analysis suggests that the board of directors plays a strategic role in decision-making related to resource allocation with a sustainability orientation.
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References
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Ainun, D., & Ayu, D. (2024). The Impact of Carbon Disclosure and Environmental Charges on Financial Performance is Affected by Environmental Performance as Moderator. 13(2), 202–211.
Akbar, M., & Juliarto, A. (2023). Keragaman Gender Dewan Direksi Memoderasi Pengaruh Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(2018), 1–13. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting
Al-Matari, E. M. (2024). Board of Directors’ Attributes Effects on Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Women: Alternative Measurements. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 13(2), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv13i2art3
AL Anssari, M. A., Nimr, H. S., & Al-Tamimi, S. A. (2024). The Influence of the Affiliated Banking Expert (Representative of Lenders) on The Board of Directors Regarding Accounting Conservatism in Non-Financial Companies. International Journal of Instructional Cases, 8(1), 73–95.
Ardillah, K. (2023). The Impact of Characteristics, Independence, Diversity, and Activities of the Board of Director on the Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science, 4(2), 210–222. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v4i2.1584
Aryanti, D., Setiya Rini, E., Audrey Wibowo, V., Wulandari, W., & Sparta, S. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure dan Kinerja Keuangan dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Moderating Perusahaan Tambang yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017–2021. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Perbankan (Journal of Economics, Management and Banking), 9(1), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.35384/jemp.v9i1.382
Bangun, A. M., Astuti, T., & Satria, I. (2024). Pengaruh Green Intellectual Capital, Green Accounting, Dan Firm Size Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Riset Bisnis, 7(2), 314–335. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35814/jrb.v7i2.6584
Chapagain, B. R. (2022). The effects of internal, external and aggregated CSR practices on the firm’s reputation and profitability. Rajagiri Management Journal, 16(2), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/ramj-12-2020-0070
Epong, M. I. K., & Anom, P. I. B. (2019). Capital Structure Variables of Pecking Order Theory Perspective in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 95(11), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-11.14
Hasanah, N., & Hariyono, S. (2022). Analisis Implementasi Green Financing Dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Umum Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekobis : Ekonomi Bisnis & Manajemen, 12(1), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v12i1.444
Hazza, O. T., Abdullah, D. F., & Aldhahebi, A. (2022). Review on the Role of Corporate Governance and Internal Control System on Firms’ Financial Performance. Asian Journal of Accounting Perspectives, 15(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.22452/AJAP.vol15no1.1
Helda Ayuningtyas, A., & Mawardi, W. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Tangibilitas, Dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi pada perusahaan Barang Konsumen Primer yang terdaftar di bu. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 11(6), 1–13. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/djom/article/view/36609
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Kristiani, L. A., & Werastuti, D. N. S. (2020). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan Dan Kinerja Sosial Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi), 11(3), 487–498. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v11i3.26619
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Lu, J., Gulzar, F., & Lai, Y. (2024). Exploring the intersection between sustainable finance and achieving carbon neutrality in the transportation sector. Heliyon, 10(15), e34467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34467
Masliyani, M., & Murtanto, M. (2022). Pengaruh Tata Kelola Perusahaan Dan Akuntansi Hijau Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 2(2), 1375–1388. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v2i2.14647
Momany, A. sunil & M. talal. (2020). Dampak keuangan hijau terhadap ekonomi negara berkembang. 11(8), 1112–1120. https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.11.8.2020.100
Muhammad Syahroni, D. S. (2022). Analisis Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Return Saham Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Perusahaan Sektor Energy Yang Terdaftar Di BEI 2016-2021. 6(2), 53–54. https://repo-mhs.ulm.ac.id//handle/123456789/38879
Nur Fahmi, Elyanti Rosmanidar, & Ferri Saputra Tanjung. (2023). Pengaruh Biaya Lingkungan Dan Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Roa Pada Perusahaan Energi Yang Terdaftar Di Efek Syariah (Des) Tahun 2020-2022. E-Bisnis : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 16(2), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.51903/e-bisnis.v16i2.1428
Pratiwi, A., Nurulrahmatia, N., & Muniarty, P. (2020). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar di BEI. Owner, 4(1), 95. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v4i1.201
Putra, M. T. S., & Putri, I. G. A. M. A. D. (2022). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 32(5), 1317. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2022.v32.i05.p15
Putri, D. A., & Raflis, R. (2024). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020). JPDSH Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Sosial Humaniora, 1(8), 700–713. https://bajangjournal.com/index.php/JPDSH
Ramadhani, K., Saputra, M. S., & Wahyuni, L. (2022). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting Dan Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Tata Kelola Perusahaan Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti, 9(2), 229–244. https://doi.org/10.25105/jat.v9i2.14559
Ritonga, S. A., Effendi, I., & Prayudi, A. (2021). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Consumer Goods di BEI. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis (JIMBI), 2(2), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.31289/jimbi.v2i1.383
Russell, J., Negenborn, R., & Blokland, W. B. Van. (2024). production of the livestock industry : an environmental Measuring the environmental performance of the feed production of the livestock industry : an environmental performance index from an economic perspective. October.
Sapulette, S. G., & Franco, B. L. (2021). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting dan Kinerja Lingkungan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Jurnal Akun Nabelo: Jurnal Akuntansi Netral, Akuntabel, Objektiff, 2(2), 31–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30598/kupna.v2.i1.p31-43
Sari, P. R. P., & Dwirandra, A. A. N. B. (2019). Pengaruh Current Ratio Dan Debt To Equity Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Dengan Intellectual Capital Sebagai Pemoderasi. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 26, 851. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2019.v26.i02.p01
Septiani, A., & Yoewono, H. (2023). The Effect of Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Board of Commissioners, Independent Board of Commissioners, and Board of Directors on Company Value. INFA International Journal of The Newest Finance and Accounting, 1(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.59693/infa.v1i2.18
Simon, A. Y. P., Wibowo, A. S., & Rosel, R. (2023). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Pemoderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020. Jurnal Manajemen Sains Dan Organisasi, 3(3), 221–231. https://doi.org/10.52300/jmso.v3i3.7543
Syahwildan, M., & Sutrisno, T. (2020). Pengaruh Nilai Tukar, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Leverage Keuangan Terhadap Profitabilitas PT . Unilever Indonesia Tbk. Jurnal IKRA-ITH Ekonomi, 3(3), 113–124. https://ojs.upi-yai.ac.id/index.php/IKRAITH-EKONOMIKA/article/view/1045
Wahyudi, A., Triansyah, F. A., & Acheampong, K. (2023). Green Finance and Sustainability: A Systematic Review. JURISMA : Jurnal Riset Bisnis & Manajemen, 13(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.34010/jurisma.v13i2.10030
Wendy, & Salim, K. C. (2019). The speed of adjustment towards optimal capital structure in Indonesia: A test of dynamic trade-off model. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 53(3). https://doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5303-07
Willim, A. P., Lako, A., & Wendy. (2020). Analysis of Impact Implementation of Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Corporate Value in Banking Sector with Net Profit Margin and Management Quality as Moderating Variables. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(4), 116–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i4.1579
Wulandari, S. (2020). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Perkebunan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Jurnal Ekonomi Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 19(1), 1–14. http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/98372
Ainun, D., & Ayu, D. (2024). The Impact of Carbon Disclosure and Environmental Charges on Financial Performance is Affected by Environmental Performance as Moderator. 13(2), 202–211.
Akbar, M., & Juliarto, A. (2023). Keragaman Gender Dewan Direksi Memoderasi Pengaruh Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(2018), 1–13. http://ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting
Al-Matari, E. M. (2024). Board of Directors’ Attributes Effects on Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Women: Alternative Measurements. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 13(2), 31–49. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv13i2art3
AL Anssari, M. A., Nimr, H. S., & Al-Tamimi, S. A. (2024). The Influence of the Affiliated Banking Expert (Representative of Lenders) on The Board of Directors Regarding Accounting Conservatism in Non-Financial Companies. International Journal of Instructional Cases, 8(1), 73–95.
Ardillah, K. (2023). The Impact of Characteristics, Independence, Diversity, and Activities of the Board of Director on the Sustainable Development Goals Disclosure. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science, 4(2), 210–222. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v4i2.1584
Aryanti, D., Setiya Rini, E., Audrey Wibowo, V., Wulandari, W., & Sparta, S. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan terhadap Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure dan Kinerja Keuangan dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Moderating Perusahaan Tambang yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017–2021. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Perbankan (Journal of Economics, Management and Banking), 9(1), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.35384/jemp.v9i1.382
Bangun, A. M., Astuti, T., & Satria, I. (2024). Pengaruh Green Intellectual Capital, Green Accounting, Dan Firm Size Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Riset Bisnis, 7(2), 314–335. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35814/jrb.v7i2.6584
Chapagain, B. R. (2022). The effects of internal, external and aggregated CSR practices on the firm’s reputation and profitability. Rajagiri Management Journal, 16(2), 118–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/ramj-12-2020-0070
Epong, M. I. K., & Anom, P. I. B. (2019). Capital Structure Variables of Pecking Order Theory Perspective in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 95(11), 111–121. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-11.14
Hasanah, N., & Hariyono, S. (2022). Analisis Implementasi Green Financing Dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Profitabilitas Perbankan Umum Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekobis : Ekonomi Bisnis & Manajemen, 12(1), 149–157. https://doi.org/10.37932/j.e.v12i1.444
Hazza, O. T., Abdullah, D. F., & Aldhahebi, A. (2022). Review on the Role of Corporate Governance and Internal Control System on Firms’ Financial Performance. Asian Journal of Accounting Perspectives, 15(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.22452/AJAP.vol15no1.1
Helda Ayuningtyas, A., & Mawardi, W. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Tangibilitas, Dan Pertumbuhan Penjualan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi pada perusahaan Barang Konsumen Primer yang terdaftar di bu. Diponegoro Journal of Management, 11(6), 1–13. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/djom/article/view/36609
Khasanah, I. D., & Sucipto, A. (2020). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responbility (CSR) dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Intervening. Akuntabel, 17(1), 14–28. http://journal.feb.unmul.ac.id/index.php/AKUNTABEL
Kholmi, M., & Nafiza, S. A. (2022). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting dan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Profitabilitas (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2018-2019 ). Reviu Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Indonesia, 6(1), 143–155. https://doi.org/10.18196/rabin.v6i1.12998
Khotimah, S., & Sari, S. P. (2024). Pentingnya Eksposur Perusahaan Sektor Energi Untuk Menempuh Pengungkapan Emisi Karbon. Media Mahardhika, 22(2), 308–324. https://doi.org/10.29062/mahardika.v22i2.890
Kristiani, L. A., & Werastuti, D. N. S. (2020). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan Dan Kinerja Sosial Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. JIMAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Akuntansi), 11(3), 487–498. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jimat.v11i3.26619
Lestari, C. L. A., & Kusuma, P. D. I. (2022). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan : Studi Pada Perusahaan Terindeks Sri-Kehati. Student’s Conference on Accounting & Business, 249–258. https://jp.feb.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/scoab/article/download/3136/2111
Lu, J., Gulzar, F., & Lai, Y. (2024). Exploring the intersection between sustainable finance and achieving carbon neutrality in the transportation sector. Heliyon, 10(15), e34467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34467
Masliyani, M., & Murtanto, M. (2022). Pengaruh Tata Kelola Perusahaan Dan Akuntansi Hijau Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 2(2), 1375–1388. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v2i2.14647
Momany, A. sunil & M. talal. (2020). Dampak keuangan hijau terhadap ekonomi negara berkembang. 11(8), 1112–1120. https://doi.org/10.34218/IJM.11.8.2020.100
Muhammad Syahroni, D. S. (2022). Analisis Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Return Saham Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Perusahaan Sektor Energy Yang Terdaftar Di BEI 2016-2021. 6(2), 53–54. https://repo-mhs.ulm.ac.id//handle/123456789/38879
Nur Fahmi, Elyanti Rosmanidar, & Ferri Saputra Tanjung. (2023). Pengaruh Biaya Lingkungan Dan Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Roa Pada Perusahaan Energi Yang Terdaftar Di Efek Syariah (Des) Tahun 2020-2022. E-Bisnis : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 16(2), 415–425. https://doi.org/10.51903/e-bisnis.v16i2.1428
Pratiwi, A., Nurulrahmatia, N., & Muniarty, P. (2020). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar di BEI. Owner, 4(1), 95. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v4i1.201
Putra, M. T. S., & Putri, I. G. A. M. A. D. (2022). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Good Corporate Governance sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 32(5), 1317. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2022.v32.i05.p15
Putri, D. A., & Raflis, R. (2024). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2016-2020). JPDSH Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Sosial Humaniora, 1(8), 700–713. https://bajangjournal.com/index.php/JPDSH
Ramadhani, K., Saputra, M. S., & Wahyuni, L. (2022). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting Dan Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Tata Kelola Perusahaan Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti, 9(2), 229–244. https://doi.org/10.25105/jat.v9i2.14559
Ritonga, S. A., Effendi, I., & Prayudi, A. (2021). Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Consumer Goods di BEI. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis (JIMBI), 2(2), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.31289/jimbi.v2i1.383
Russell, J., Negenborn, R., & Blokland, W. B. Van. (2024). production of the livestock industry : an environmental Measuring the environmental performance of the feed production of the livestock industry : an environmental performance index from an economic perspective. October.
Sapulette, S. G., & Franco, B. L. (2021). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting dan Kinerja Lingkungan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2018-2020. Jurnal Akun Nabelo: Jurnal Akuntansi Netral, Akuntabel, Objektiff, 2(2), 31–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30598/kupna.v2.i1.p31-43
Sari, P. R. P., & Dwirandra, A. A. N. B. (2019). Pengaruh Current Ratio Dan Debt To Equity Ratio Terhadap Profitabilitas Dengan Intellectual Capital Sebagai Pemoderasi. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 26, 851. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2019.v26.i02.p01
Septiani, A., & Yoewono, H. (2023). The Effect of Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, Board of Commissioners, Independent Board of Commissioners, and Board of Directors on Company Value. INFA International Journal of The Newest Finance and Accounting, 1(2), 95–104. https://doi.org/10.59693/infa.v1i2.18
Simon, A. Y. P., Wibowo, A. S., & Rosel, R. (2023). Pengaruh Penerapan Green Accounting Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan dengan Good Corporate Governance Sebagai Pemoderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Sektor Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016-2020. Jurnal Manajemen Sains Dan Organisasi, 3(3), 221–231. https://doi.org/10.52300/jmso.v3i3.7543
Syahwildan, M., & Sutrisno, T. (2020). Pengaruh Nilai Tukar, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Leverage Keuangan Terhadap Profitabilitas PT . Unilever Indonesia Tbk. Jurnal IKRA-ITH Ekonomi, 3(3), 113–124. https://ojs.upi-yai.ac.id/index.php/IKRAITH-EKONOMIKA/article/view/1045
Wahyudi, A., Triansyah, F. A., & Acheampong, K. (2023). Green Finance and Sustainability: A Systematic Review. JURISMA : Jurnal Riset Bisnis & Manajemen, 13(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.34010/jurisma.v13i2.10030
Wendy, & Salim, K. C. (2019). The speed of adjustment towards optimal capital structure in Indonesia: A test of dynamic trade-off model. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 53(3). https://doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2019-5303-07
Willim, A. P., Lako, A., & Wendy. (2020). Analysis of Impact Implementation of Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Corporate Value in Banking Sector with Net Profit Margin and Management Quality as Moderating Variables. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(4), 116–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i4.1579
Wulandari, S. (2020). Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Perkebunan Di Bursa Efek Indonesia). Jurnal Ekonomi Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 19(1), 1–14. http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/98372
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2024-12-30
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Amiarti, D., Fahruna, Y. ., Wendy, Giriati, & Mustaruddin. (2024). Boosting Profitability Through Green Finance, CSR, and Capital Structure: The Moderating of The Board of Directors . Ilomata International Journal of Management, 6(2), 587–599. https://doi.org/10.61194/ijjm.v6i2.1537
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