Main Article Content

Abstract

Recently, the insurance industry has been dealing with industrial revolution 4.0, which is a major change in the technology sector that causes many changes in other sectors. The industrial revolution 4.0 begins with the utilization of moveable and controllable machines in the production process. It starts from using simple robots to sophisticated computers. The potential impact of Industry 4.0 is the emergence of employee resistance to change in the organization. This research aims to reveal, analyze, and discuss the role of organizational changes in predicting negative emotions and impacts on resistance to change. The sample used in this research was 101 participants, who were employees at  PT Asuransi Cakrawala Prokteksi Indonesia (ACPI). Then, the sampling technique used saturated sampling and a questionnaire as a data collection tool. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis was used as a data analysis technique using the SMART PLS 3 application. The results of this research indicate that organizational change caused significant negative emotions among employees. Eventually, employees became resistant. The limitation of this research was that it only involved employees of the ACPI’s insurance office in all regions of Indonesia, so the generalization of the results of the research could not be conducted.

Keywords

SEM Organizational Changes Negative Emotion Resistance Insurance

Article Details

How to Cite
Parwati, A. D., Patiro, S. P. S., & Minrohayati. (2024). The Impacts of Organizational Changes on Negative Emotion Resulting on Employee Resistance in the Insurance Office of PT Asuransi Cakrawala Proteksi Indonesia (ACPI) . Ilomata International Journal of Management, 5(2), 454-464. https://doi.org/10.61194/ijjm.v5i2.1141

References

  1. Al-Abrrow, H., Alnoor, A., & Abbas, S. (2019). The efect of organizational resilience and CEO’s narcissism on project success: Organizational risk as mediating variable. Organization Management Journal, 16(1), 1–13.
  2. Albrecht, S. L. , Connaughton, S. , Foster, K. , Furlong, S. , & Yeow, C. J. L. (2020). Change Engagement, Change Resources, and Change Demands: A Model for Positive Employee Orientations to Organizational Change. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(6), 1–11.
  3. Anggreini, F., Hasyim, & Kusumapradja, R. (2022). Causality Analysis of Resistance to Change in Hospital: Transformational Leadership, Communication and Emotional Intelligence Approaches. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(2), 192–199.
  4. Antonacopoulou, E. P., & Gabriel, Y. (2001). Emotion, learning and organizational change: Towards an integration of psychoanalytic and other perspectives. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 14(5), 435–451.
  5. Barsade, S. G. , & Gibson, D. E. (2007). Why does affect matter in organizations? . The Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(1), 36–59.
  6. Bartunek, J. M. , Rousseau, D. M. , Rudolph, J. W. , & DePalma, J. A. (2006). On the Receiving End. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 42(2), 182–206.
  7. Baumgartner, H., & Homburg, C. (1996). Application of Structural Equation Modeling in Marketing and Consumer Research. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 13(2), 139–161.
  8. Beare, E. C. , O’Raghallaigh, P. , Mcavoy, J. , & Hayes. J. (2020). Employees’ emotional reactions to digitally enabled work events. Journal of Decision System, 29(2), 1–17.
  9. Boohene, R., & Williams, A. A. (2012). Resistance to Organisational Change: A Case Study of Oti Yeboah Complex Limited. International Business and Management, 4(1), 135–145.
  10. Bovey, W. H., & Hede, A. (2001). Resistance to organisational change: the role of defence mechanisms. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 16(7/8), 534–548.
  11. Downing, S. J. (1997). Learning the Plot. Management Learning, 28(1), 27–44.
  12. Durand, R., & Calori, R. (2006). Sameness, Otherness? Enriching Organizational Change Theories with Philosophical Considerations on the Same and the Other. The Academy of Management Review, 31(1), 93–114.
  13. Forgas, J. P. , & Fiedler, K. (1996). Us and them: Mood effects on intergroup discrimination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 36–52.
  14. Forgas, J. P. , & George, J. M. (2001). Affective influences on judgments and behavior in organizations: An information processing perspective. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86(1), 3–34.
  15. Frijda, N. H. (1994). Varieties of affect: emotions and episodes, moods, and sentiments. In P. and D. R. J. Ekman (Ed.), The nature of emotion. Fundamental questions (pp. 59–67). Oxford University Press.
  16. Gardner, D. G. , Dunham, R. B. , Cummings, L. L. , & Pierce, J. L. (1987). Employee focus of attention and reactions to organizational change. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 23(3), 351–370.
  17. Goleman, D. (2015). Emotional Intelligence : Kecerdasan emosional mengapa EI lebih penting daripada IQ. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
  18. Gooty, J. , Gavin, M. , & Ashkanasy, N. M. (2009). Emotions research in OB: The challenges that lie ahead. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(6), 833–838.
  19. Greenberg, J., & Baron, R. A. (2002). Behavior in Organizations. Prentice Hall.
  20. Greenberg, J., & Baron, R. A. (2012). Perilaku Organisasi. Prentice Hall.
  21. Helpap, S. (2016). The impact of power distance orientation on recipients’ reactions to participatory versus programmatic change communication. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 52(1), 5–34.
  22. Huy, Q. N. (2002). Emotional Balancing of Organizational Continuity and Radical Change: The Contribution of Middle Managers. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(1), 31–69.
  23. Khaw, K. W., Alnoor, A., AL-Abrrow, H., Tiberius, V., Ganesan, Y., & Atshan, N. A. (2022). Reactions towards organizational change: a systematic literature review. Current Psychology, 42, 19137–19160.
  24. Lazarus, R. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University Press.
  25. Li, M. , Wang, Z. , Gao, J. , & You, X. (2017). Proactive personality and job satisfaction: The mediating efects of self-efcacy and work engagement in teachers. Current Psychology, 36(1), 48–55.
  26. Liu, Y. , & Perrewé, P. L. (2005). Another look at the role of emotion in the organizational change: A process model. Human Resource Management Review, 15(4), 263–280.
  27. Metselaar, E. E. (1997). Assessing the willingness to change: Construction and validation of the DINAMO. Vrije Universiteit.
  28. Michela, J. L. , & Vena, J. (2012). A dependence-regulation account of psychological distancing in response to major organizational change. Journal of Change Management, 12(1), 77–94.
  29. Mossholder, K. W., Settoon, R. P., Armenakis, A. A., & Harris, S. G. (2000). ‘Emotion During Organisational Transformations: An interactive model of survivor reactions. Group and Organisation Management, 25(3), 220–243.
  30. Namkung, Y. , & Jang, S. C. (2010). Effects of perceived service fairness on emotions, and behavioral intentions in restaurants. European Journal of Marketing, 44(9–10), 1233–1259.
  31. Oreg, S., Bartunek, J. M., Lee, G., & Do, B. (2018). An Affect-Based Model of Recipients’ Responses to Organizational Change Events. Academy of Management Review, 43(1), 65–86.
  32. Pardo del Val, M., & Martínez Fuentes, C. (2003). Resistance to change: a literature review and empirical study. Management Decision, 41(2), 148–155.
  33. Peng, J. , Li, M. , Wang, Z. , & Lin, Y. (n.d.). Transformational leadership and employees’ reactions to organizational change: Evidence from a meta-analysis. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 57(3), 369–397.
  34. Scherer, K. R. (2005). What are emotions? And how can they be measured. Social Science Information, 44(4), 695–729.
  35. Shura, R. D. , Rutherford, B. J. , Fugett, A. , & Lindberg, M. A. (2017). An exploratory study of attachments and posttraumatic stress in combat veterans. Current Psychology, 36(1), 110–118.
  36. Spence, J. (2020). Understanding Workplace Resistance to Change: The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Individualistic and Collectivist Societies. Keiser University.
  37. Tangney, J. P., & Fischer, K. W. (1995). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride. Guilford Press.
  38. Tangney, J. P., & Salovey, P. (1999). Problematic social emotions: Shame, guilt, jealousy, and envy. In R. M. Kowalski & M. R. Leary (Ed.), The social psychology of emotional and behavioral problems: Interfaces of social and clinical psychology (pp. 167–195). American Psychological Association.
  39. Tiedens, L. Z. , & Linton, S. (2001). Judgment under emotional certainty and uncertainty: The effects of specific emotions on information processing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6), 973–988.
  40. Vakola, M., Tsaousis, I., & Nikolaou, I. (2004). The Effects of Emotional Intelligence and personality variables on attitudes toward organizational change. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19(2), 88–110.
  41. Vos, J. F. J., & Rupert, J. (2018). Change agent’s contribution to recipients’ resistance to change: A two-sided story. European Management Journal, 36(4), 453–462.
  42. Weiss, H. M. , & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 18, pp. 1–74). Elsevier Science/JAI Press.
  43. Worung, I. P. Ch., Tumbuan, W. J. F. A., & Tielung, M. V. J. (2019). EMPLOYEE RESISTANCE TO ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AT PT. BANK MANDIRI (PERSERO) TBK. MANADO. Jurnal EMBA, 7(3), 3638–3647.